For more than five years, one person has been making 3D models of each monster in the 5th edition of Dungeons and Dragons, and giving away these digital files for free so that people with 3D printers can make them at home.
Miguel Zavala’s art project contains more than 1,900 digital files, and he has more than 3,000 paying subscribers to support his work on Patreon. We talked to Zavala about his work and (mostly) how to avoid the wrath of D&D publisher Coast Wizards.
Zavala said that he studied 3D modeling in college, but after working in the advertising industry for a while, he left it all behind. Until five years ago, his wife inspired him to start a hobby of creating digital models for his 3D printer. After getting good reviews on Reddit, he started accepting commissions from custom characters. Eventually, the income became enough to pay the rent, and he quit his daily job to engage in 3D modeling full-time.
“I’ve made almost 2,000 models so far,” Zavala said, “covering all of the D&D books all the way up to Mordenkainen’s Tome of Foes. It’s just been a hell of a ride.”
Zavala’s income from Patreon still far exceeds his rent, where Zavala still provides custom commissions for his customers and other jobs adjacent to D&D. He also sold some printed models of mini cars online, but he said that the revenue from these mini cars was nominal at best.
Is it OK with the publisher of D&D? Zavala said yes, now he has made some changes to his process.
Zavala said that five years ago, the Wizards actually suppressed his project. All his models have been offline for a while. That’s because he is using another online platform to host them, and the beautiful pictures on the website show that the owner of the platform will automatically assume the rights to its creation. The Wizards didn’t like this, so Zavala switched to Shapeways, which had different rules for creators, so he was allowed to continue working.
“I reached out to them,” Zavala said, “and very honestly, it was just like, ‘Hey, I’m not trying to compete with you guys. I’m not trying to do anything like that. It’s just some people don’t have access to game stores, and some folks like to have a little extra creative balance in their games, and I make these things available for free.’ […] Once they understood that I wasn’t trying to make an easy buck off of this, they immediately opened up.”
Part of the D&D content can be provided to the public through the Open-Gaming License set by Wizards. The publisher also has a formal policy on fan-created content. Zavala said he must follow these rules carefully. All files themselves are provided for free, and certain monsters (such as named characters in D&D knowledge and other items outside of OGL) are only available for free digital download. You can find all accounts distributed in two different accounts on Shapeways. The first is called The DM Workshop, and the second is his own personal account.
“Wizards has been in contact with Miguel ‘mz4250’ Zavala,” a spokesperson at Wizards confirmed for Polygon. “He does nice sculpts, and we appreciate the creativity he brings to the hobby! As long as he’s following our Fan Policy and our [Open Game License], we don’t take issue with what he’s doing. D&D always encourages storytellers and creators to share what they are making with the community.”
The wizard has his own officially licensed pre-painted miniatures, these products are mainly sold in collectible blind boxes. There are also a small number of unpainted miniatures, but only about 30 models are currently produced. Although they are both very durable and high-quality, there is actually nothing more variety than Zavala’s free files can provide.
Part of the reason his work is so popular is because 3D printers have improved and become cheaper in recent years. Zavala recommends something like the Elegoo Mars or the Anycubic Photon, which can be purchased on Amazon for around $250. Zavala is not the only one doing this kind of work. Other 3D modelers he recommends for D&D minis include Mia Kay and Duncan “Shadow” Luca.
Zavala said: “I will continue to improve my skills, and as technology changes, I will adapt to this.” He spends a lot of time converting his digital library into new file types, which will be used in the future of virtual reality and Used in augmented reality applications.