{"id":166088,"date":"2023-01-12T15:55:07","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T07:55:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/facfox.com\/docs\/?post_type=kb&#038;p=166088"},"modified":"2023-01-10T17:34:10","modified_gmt":"2023-01-10T09:34:10","slug":"15-vital-facts-about-food-safe-3d-printing","status":"publish","type":"kb","link":"https:\/\/facfox.com\/docs\/kb\/15-vital-facts-about-food-safe-3d-printing","title":{"rendered":"15 Vital Facts about Food-Safe 3D Printing"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"container container--l container--space\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<p class=\"paragraph paragraph--emphasized\">There&#8217;s plenty to learn about food safety and 3D printing. Learn if PLA is food-safe and other essential facts about food-safe 3D printing.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ad-container ad-container--horizontal-fullpage ad-container--desktop-only\" data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>3D printing offers unique customization possibilities that seemed impossible until recently.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Both\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/1\/sla-vs-fdm-resin-vs-filament-3d-printer-the-differences\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FDM and SLA<\/a>\u00a0printing technologies are proliferating with hobbyists and entrepreneurs opening 3D printing to many new industries.<\/p>\n<p>3D printing is gaining adoption across industries as varied and essential as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/topic\/3d-printing-in-medicine\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">medicine<\/a>, dentistry, aviation manufacturing,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/topic\/3d-printed-buildings\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">residential construction<\/a>, prototyping, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/topic\/3d-printed-jewelry\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">jewelry<\/a>. For hobbyists, this translates to enormous fun and exciting opportunities to print a variety of unique gadgets, including\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/3d-printed-kitchen-gadgets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kitchen tools<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>But are 3D printed products food safe? If you plan to print and sell anything that will come in direct or repeated contact with food, precautions against bacteria and toxic materials are necessary.<\/p>\n<p>Food safe 3D printing is possible and becoming increasingly common, but your printer won\u2019t be food-safe out of the box, regardless of brand or price point. You\u2019ll want to be on the lookout for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/food-safe-filament-brands-compared\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">materials<\/a>\u00a0and printer upgrades that have already been certified food safe, and be cautious about all other options.<\/p>\n<p>Always beware of what you\u2019re putting in your mouth! Read on to inform yourself on the key facts about food-safe printing.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--listicle-section u-text-center\">THE PROBLEM<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rich-text rich-text--full\">\n<p>Food-safe 3D printing encounters two major hazards: bacteria and toxic materials. Both of these problems need to be addressed before printing anything that will come in contact with food.<\/p>\n<p>Along with addressing them, you\u2019ll need to understand the different terms used by the industry and government regulators. We\u2019ve prepared a short guide for you to reference below.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--xxl\">Not All Terms Are Equal<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/1c2f747098534cb0.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Don&#8217;t get sick from your cutlery (Source: Prusa 3D by Josef Prusa via YouTube)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>Before we go too deep, it\u2019s important to understand the different terms that can be thrown around when it comes to printing anything you plan to use with food. You\u2019ll see these terms in our article and anywhere else you research food-related 3D printing.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Food grade<\/strong>\u00a0means something is safe for human consumption or direct contact with food. Think of it as the gold standard where no harm will come from ingesting. While\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/3d-printed-food-3d-printing-food\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">some labs are working on 3D printing food<\/a>, it\u2019s not what most aim for today and isn\u2019t the focus of this article.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Food contact surface<\/strong>\u00a0refers to a surface that will come in contact with food. To earn this label, something must be made from food-safe materials and designed to maintain integrity in the environment of their intended use \u2013 that includes whatever you plan to clean the print with. An example of this is cutting boards needing to maintain integrity against the knives slicing against them repeatedly, not just the food they\u2019re touching.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Food safe\u00a0<\/strong>is the key term in this article and the industry in general. Your prints are food safe if they don\u2019t create a safety hazard by being used with food. With 3D prints, you\u2019ll need to be on the lookout for bacteria and toxins above all else to attain food-safe quality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--xl\">Food Safe Doesn&#8217;t Mean Certified<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_166090\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-166090\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-166090 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/facfox.com\/docs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Pasted-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-166090\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Is it your own cereal or your customers&#8217;? (Source: Jinja via Thingiverse)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>If you\u2019re looking to sell your food-related prints online, they\u2019ll need to be certified food safe to avoid opening you up to legal liability if someone gets sick. If no one else\u2019s food will have contact and your own kitchen is as far as the prints will make it, you don\u2019t need to worry about this distinction.<\/p>\n<p>For those who want to sell prints that will come in contact with food, you\u2019re probably 3D printing as a side hustle and acting as your own compliance department. A small business like yours won\u2019t go through the EU\u2019s or FDA\u2019s rigorous testing process that large companies endure for certification \u2013 and you don\u2019t need to!<\/p>\n<p>But if someone gets sick from your print and the government comes calling, you\u2019ll need to retroactively prove you could have passed the certification process. That means having a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/food-safety-modernization-act-fsma\/fsma-final-rule-preventive-controls-human-food\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Food Safe Plan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Among the key points you\u2019ll need to include is a hazard analysis, meaning identifying how your print could be chemically, biologically, or physically hazardous. Once you identify these hazards, you\u2019ll need to have written preventative controls to mitigate the risk. These can be flexible and must be tailored to your specific product and workspace. Examples include process controls, allergen controls, and sanitation controls.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Oversight<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Your Food Safe Plan doesn\u2019t end with having controls in place to address hazards. You\u2019re also required to oversee and manage these controls by monitoring that your procedures are being followed, correcting any mistakes in a timely manner, and installing corrective processes so they don\u2019t occur again, then verifying that your new controls are working in preventing hazards through continued monitoring.<\/p>\n<p>Most importantly, don\u2019t forget to document everything you\u2019re doing in writing at the time when you\u2019re doing it! Organizations like the FDA demand proof.<\/p>\n<p>The last step you\u2019ll need is a recall plan. The FDA is only knocking on your door if someone got sick. They \u2013 and your conscience \u2013 need to make sure no one else gets sick. That means recalling your already sold prints to ensure they can\u2019t cause harm.<\/p>\n<p>Keep in mind, even if you don\u2019t view yourself as a small business, government regulators like the FDA will claim jurisdiction over anything you sell. To help you abide by their rules, the FDA offers\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/100921\/download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a guide<\/a>\u00a0for \u201csmall entities.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--xl\">There&#8217;s Official Criteria<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/559ab69b73138182.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There&#8217;s more to food-safe 3D printing than a few parts (Source: LuckyBot via Kickstarter)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>So what actually makes a product food safe? The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/food-safety-modernization-act-fsma\/full-text-food-safety-modernization-act-fsma\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FDA<\/a>\u2018s criteria includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>No migration of deleterious substances<\/li>\n<li>Does not impart colors, odors, or tastes<\/li>\n<li>Safe under normal use conditions<\/li>\n<li>Durable, corrosion-resistant, and nonabsorbent<\/li>\n<li>Sufficient in weight to withstand repeated washing<\/li>\n<li>Finished to have a smooth, easily cleanable surface without breaks and sharp internal angles<\/li>\n<li>Resistant to pitting, chipping, crazing, scratching, scoring, distortion, and decomposition<\/li>\n<li>Accessible to inspection<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You\u2019ll need a plan to address these bullets to achieve food-safe 3D prints, the biggest concerns being: durable against repeated washing, a smooth finished surface that\u2019s resistant to scratching or chipping, and no leaking from the filament, whether taste, color, or unnoticeable toxins. The FDA\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cfsanappsexternal.fda.gov\/scripts\/foodSafetyPlanBuilder\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">offers<\/a>\u00a0a downloadable plan builder to help.<\/p>\n<p>These are the FDA\u2019s guidelines for all products coming in contact with food. Specifically for 3D printed products, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/ALL\/?uri=CELEX%3A32011R0010\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">EU<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfcfr\/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=177\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FDA<\/a>\u00a0each have similar regulations and offer certification for larger companies. Smaller start-ups can refer to the \u201csmall entities\u201d rules linked above and use their best judgment in adhering to these guidelines. Nothing in these 3D printing regulations differs from the general criteria, but the regulations in your area are worth double-checking before selling prints to customers.<\/p>\n<p>The food-safe criteria is particularly important for any products you\u2019re buying specifically for food-safe printing, like your filament or printer upgrades. Look for products with official government-certified labels shown below.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--xl\">Claims &amp; Compliance Deserve Consideration<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/49a1d880f0acec87.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"518\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Always look for official symbols (Source: Formlabs)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>When you\u2019re buying anything for food-safe printing, it\u2019s important to check for the labels shown above. Companies are able to add these to their product packaging and advertising once they pass the corresponding regulatory agency\u2019s certification process.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re thinking about buying an upgrade or material for a food-related 3D print and don\u2019t see the above labels, be careful and use your judgment. I\u2019m sure you\u2019ve heard this before, but don\u2019t believe everything you read on the internet. Companies\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/examples.yourdictionary.com\/false-advertising-examples.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">aren\u2019t always honest<\/a>\u00a0and can use vague, unregulated terms like \u201ccompliant\u201d without having done anything to ensure that what you\u2019re buying is legitimately food safe.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, \u201ccompliant\u201d companies may have adhered to every rule and recommendation we listed and linked to above, but haven\u2019t undergone the official certification process to earn one of these labels.<\/p>\n<p>A good way to double-check: Food-safe materials tend to be more expensive due to the necessary extra steps in manufacturing them. Your and your potential customers\u2019 health is worth the added cost. If you\u2019re finding food-safe compliant products like filaments for the same price as their regular version, it\u2019s time to be suspicious and look for a regulatory label.<\/p>\n<p>For example, you\u2019ll notice the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/filaments.ca\/products\/true-food-safe-pla-black-licorice-2-85mm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">product images<\/a>\u00a0on Filaments.ca often include the above symbol. This is proof that their products have earned the higher price.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--xl\">Bacteria, uh, Finds a Way<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/e8786f8c97bc835b.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"607\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">FDM print layers are unfortunately a perfect home for bacteria (Source: Edward Jenner via Pexels)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<div class=\"ad-layout__content\">\n<div class=\"container\">\n<div class=\"rich-text rich-text--full \">\n<p>We mentioned that bacteria and toxic materials are the biggest threats to being food safe.<\/p>\n<p>A print from your out-of-the-box printer will never be food safe because germs can get lodged in even the smallest cracks or spaces \u2013 spaces that are abundant between layers in FDM printing. This creates a home for bacteria to flourish.<\/p>\n<p>Any print you plan to use more than once with food will collect bacteria \u2013 it\u2019s a matter of\u00a0<em>when<\/em>\u00a0not\u00a0<em>if\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/em>regardless of how well you clean it (which we\u2019ll get to later). To avoid bacteria, you need to do more than thoroughly clean; you need to be addressing bacteria concerns while planning, preparing your printer, and in post-processing. Read our best tips in the sections below.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ad-container ad-container--sticky ad-container--loaded\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--xl\">Guidelines Change Based on the Food<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/5fe12cacbb7b8fb9.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"617\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">How and what your print touches matters (Source: Cisco via PrusaPrinters)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>One of the final questions you need to consider before preparing to print, is what are you printing? More specifically, which food will the print come in contact with and for how long?<\/p>\n<p>Think about it, the odds of the print imparting taste or color are higher when it\u2019s storing raw meat for a long time and smaller when you print a bowl for cookie cutters or\u00a0shelled nuts. The prints with limited food contact require fewer precautions.<\/p>\n<p>Are you printing a mug? That requires filament that can withstand hot coffee or tea and that won\u2019t migrate any substances to the beverage or the drinker\u2019s lips from repeated sips. Probably not PLA, which some makers\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/ender3\/comments\/nkrx8i\/anyone_know_a_food_safe_filament_the_wont_work_in\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report<\/a>\u00a0warping on a warm summer\u2019s day. We\u2019ll go deeper into filament choices next.<\/p>\n<p>You also need to review what you\u2019ll be using to clean the print. The raw meat container needs to be cleaned thoroughly while your personal nut bowl can get away with a warm water rinse. There\u2019s no fooling around when salmonella\u2019s a risk.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--xl\">Filament May Contain Toxic Materials<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/6ff40f7573596a7b.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"600\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">You might just have to skip the green cutlery (Source: CreativeTools via Instructables)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>We addressed bacteria being one of the two major health risks with 3D printing. The other is toxins and toxic materials. These risks are most likely to enter the print from the filament being used.<\/p>\n<p>Toxins are a serious health risk and the reason many in the 3D printing community have insisted prints are never fully food safe in the past. Looking at you,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/3Dprinting\/search\/?q=food%20safe&amp;restrict_sr=1&amp;sr_nsfw=&amp;sort=top\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">r\/3Dprinting<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to toxins from the materials filaments are constructed out of, you need to be careful with color choices. It\u2019s easy to forget about safety when viewing colors as a fun or stylistic choice, but filaments aren\u2019t naturally available in a rainbow variety. Filament producers use dyes to add those colors and each dye brings its own set of safety concerns.<\/p>\n<p>For example, Prusament is proud to offer a variety of non-toxic inorganic filaments but they\u2019re\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.prusaprinters.org\/how-to-make-food-grade-3d-printed-models_40666\/#:~:text=a%20valid%20certification.-,Food%2Dsafe%20filaments,-Let%E2%80%99s%20take%20a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unable to craft a green<\/a>\u00a0PLA or PETG without dyes that potentially include toxins. Filaments.ca avoids this by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/filaments.ca\/blogs\/news\/introducing-true-food-safe-biocompatible-petg-3d-printer-filament#:~:text=Biocompatible%20(Natural%20Color%20Only)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">only offering<\/a>\u00a0PETG in natural colors, limiting variety in the name of safety. This can be an adjustment for some makers, but limiting the use of colors is safest.<\/p>\n<p>With any filament you end up picking, it\u2019s best to check the material safety data sheet (MSDS) to determine the chemical properties before printing. The MSDS will include hazards from every material the filament\u2019s manufactured out of, including coloring dyes. The manufacturer should always include the MSDS within the product\u2019s packaging so give it a read before cutting into your filament to ensure it\u2019s what you\u2019re looking for.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--listicle-section u-text-center\">THE FILAMENT<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rich-text rich-text--full\">\n<p>We\u2019ve covered the hazards above, now it\u2019s time to pick the filament that poses the fewest risks to your food-related print. Along with toxic materials and bacteria, this is when to consider things like durability and heat resistance.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--xl\">There Are Various Filament Options<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/668563201cf5f85c.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Know the pros and cons of each (Source: Walker56 via Thingiverse)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>This section might be the most important when it comes to food-safe 3D printing. Which filament will you be using?<\/p>\n<p>We already covered the risk of toxic materials in filaments, which should immediately rule\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/topic\/abs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ABS<\/a>\u00a0out of food-safe printing. ABS is one of the most toxic filaments on the market and you\u2019ll be hard-pressed to find any company even pretending to offer food-safe ABS.<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, liquid resins are extremely toxic. 3D printing resins may come out of the printing process with smooth surfaces that are great to reduce bacteria risks, but the filament itself poses too great a risk. You won\u2019t find any food-safe resins, and resin printers shouldn\u2019t be used for food contact 3D printing.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>PLA<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>That brings us to the most commonly used filament, PLA. It\u2019s a bioplastic and far less toxic than ABS or 3D printing resins, but it also brings its own questions surrounding its durability.<\/p>\n<p>We already mentioned its struggles with heat, and properly cleaning PLA prints without warping or scratching them is sure to be a challenge. You\u2019ll want to look elsewhere for anything harder than cookie cutters or forks.<\/p>\n<p>If\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/3d-printed-cookie-cutters-10-great-curated-models-to-3d-print\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cookie cutters<\/a>\u00a0are all you\u2019re looking to print, we\u2019ve reviewed the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/food-safe-filament-brands-compared\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">best food-safe PLAs<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>PETG<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>And along with PLA, another food-safe option is PETG. It\u2019s both stronger and more heat resistant than PLA, while maintaining the same ease of printing makers expect from PLA and avoiding the toxic risk of materials like ABS. That\u2019s what\u2019s led\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/filaments.ca\/blogs\/news\/introducing-true-food-safe-biocompatible-petg-3d-printer-filament\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">brands<\/a>\u00a0to move past food-safe PLA and extend their food-safe product lines to spools of PETG.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/filaments.ca\/blogs\/3d-printing\/is-petg-the-best-3d-printing-filament\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No filament is\u00a0perfect<\/a>\u00a0though, and PETG is particularly vulnerable to outdoor use due to its sensitivity to UV rays and its tendency to absorb moisture.<\/p>\n<p>Regardless of the type of filament you choose, it\u2019s always wise to save yourself additional worry and choose a filament that\u2019s been deemed food safe. (Remember the labels we introduced above?)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/filaments.ca\/blogs\/news\/introducing-true-food-safe-pla-3d-printer-filament\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Filaments.ca<\/a>\u00a0is a market leader in the food-safe filament category, with both\u00a0<span class=\"link\" data-action=\"modal-open\" data-modal-ajax=\"\/en\/product-overlay\/197537\/limit\/0\/\">PLA<\/span>\u00a0and\u00a0<span class=\"link\" data-action=\"modal-open\" data-modal-ajax=\"\/en\/product-overlay\/197541\/limit\/0\/\">PETG<\/span>\u00a0offerings, and is well-known for becoming the first FDA-approved filament.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--xl\">Bioplastic Doesn&#8217;t Mean Safe<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/1f7476b0de9a63f0.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It&#8217;s made out of food&#8230; technically (Source: Amir Bohlooli via All3DP)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>Polylactic acid, better known as PLA in 3D printing circles, is bioplastic\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/science-nature\/corn-plastic-to-the-rescue-126404720\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">produced from natural materials<\/a>\u00a0like corn. It\u2019s long been used as biodegradable food packaging by companies as large as Wal-Mart. Due to this, some have been quick to adopt it for food-safe printing.<\/p>\n<p>But there\u2019s a major difference in how it\u2019s being used here. Biodegradable packaging is single-use, not a kitchen item you\u2019re 3D printing for repeated use and potential direct contact with people\u2019s mouths.<\/p>\n<p>We mentioned the questions about PLA\u2019s durability above, but how does that specifically impact its safety? You can check out our deep dive into\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/is-pla-food-safe-what-you-really-need-to-know\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">food-safe PLA printing<\/a>\u00a0for more info, but long story short: we don\u2019t recommend printing anything that will come in contact with food for longer than it takes to cut a cookie.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, we make this recommendation for several of the reasons we\u2019ve mentioned above \u2013 like bacteria spreading between layers of a print, the dyes used in coloring which aren\u2019t bioplastic chemicals, and PLA\u2019s vulnerability to heat.<\/p>\n<p>Just because it\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/is-pla-biodegradable-what-you-really-need-to-know\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">made out of food<\/a>, it doesn\u2019t mean that PLA comes out of the FDM printing process food-safe.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--listicle-section u-text-center\">PLANNING &amp; PREPARING<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rich-text rich-text--full\">\n<p>Now that the hazards have been determined and the filament is picked, it\u2019s time to turn our attention to the 3D printer. Like we said in the introduction, no 3D printer is food safe right out of the box.<\/p>\n<p>Ultra-fine particles (UFPs) are always going to be a risk with 3D printing plastic filaments, so you\u2019ll want everything else to be as sanitary as possible to mitigate health risks.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s what to consider when you sit down to start your print.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--xxl\">Printers Should Be Clean<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/4e14063b9d85c784.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Out-of-the-box isn&#8217;t food safe (Source: Prusa Research)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>Now that you have everything together for your print, you need to make sure the build plate and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/topic\/nozzle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nozzles<\/a>\u00a0are as clean and sanitary as possible. It might seem obvious, but for food-safe 3D printing, you need to do more cleaning than just brushing off the build plate with the back of your hand.<\/p>\n<p>Consider looking into\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/3d-printer-cleaning-filament-what-you-need-to-know\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cleaning filament<\/a>\u00a0to keep the areas you can\u2019t reach sanitary. For the best tips, check out our articles on cleaning\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/clean-3d-print-bed-3d-printer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">printer beds<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/3d-printer-nozzle-cleaning-the-easiest-way-to-do-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nozzles<\/a>.\u00a0Whichever process you end up choosing, you\u2019ll need to clean the printer that way between every print to avoid spreading bacteria before your print even reaches the kitchen.<\/p>\n<p>Also be sure to include your cleaning methods in your Food Safe Plan, since it\u2019s surely something the FDA will want to see if they ever come calling.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"headline  headline--xl\">Nozzles Shouldn&#8217;t Be Brass<\/h3>\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/2e67ac42cd69c791.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Needless to say, not all nozzles are the same (Source: MatterHackers)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Before printing, you want to check and likely replace the nozzle on your 3D printer. That\u2019s because the standard nozzles on most 3D printings are made out of brass, and brass contains an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.avivametals.com\/collections\/leaded-brass#:~:text=Lead%20increases%20the%20machinability%20of,medium%2C%20or%20high%2Dleaded.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">average<\/a>\u00a0of 3.5% lead.<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s a major\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/help.prusa3d.com\/en\/article\/food-safe-fdm-printing_112313\/#:~:text=in%20post%2Dprocessing.-,Nozzle,-The%20nozzle%20you\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">risk<\/a>\u00a0of food-safe printing: As the nozzle wears down and degrades, it\u2019s possible for the lead to leak out of the brass and contaminate the print. There\u2019s no such thing as safety when lead poisoning is a serious possibility.<\/p>\n<p>Play it safe and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/3d-printer-nozzle-size-material-what-to-know-which-to-buy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">upgrade to a new nozzle<\/a>\u00a0for your food-related prints. There aren\u2019t currently any nozzles on the market that have received a food-safe label from government regulators, but switching from brass to a stainless steel nozzle at least eliminates the risk of lead contamination.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"headline  headline--xl\">Extruder Tubing May Be Toxic<\/h3>\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/b2c8bf1e0ff0c30c.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"528\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">What&#8217;s your Bowden tube really made from? (Source: jaybro187 via Reddit)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>There are widespread\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.captubes.com\/safety.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">concerns<\/a>\u00a0about PTFE tubing emitting high levels of toxicity at high temperatures. This is due to the Teflon used in the manufacturing of the material.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, these concerns are likely overblown as the high temperatures would need to extend the length of the tube and temperature ranges for PLA or PETG are well below any risk zones.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re worried, you can look into upgrading away from PTFE tubing, but like with the nozzles, there aren\u2019t any on the market with a certified food-safe label. One uncommon solution some have switched to is using all-metal extruders crafted from stainless steel pipe. Another upgrade to consider is a new hot end, like the\u00a0<span class=\"link\" data-action=\"modal-open\" data-modal-ajax=\"\/en\/product-overlay\/85480\/limit\/0\/\">E3D V6<\/span>, that keeps the PTFE far from the heat block.<\/p>\n<div class=\"section\">\n<h3 class=\"headline headline--listicle-section u-text-center\">POST-PROCESSING<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"rich-text rich-text--full\">\n<p>Your work isn\u2019t done when the 3D printer\u2019s turned off, but congratulations on making it this far and adhering to food-safe standards!<\/p>\n<p>Now you need to keep those prints clean and free from bacteria.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"headline  headline--xl\">Print Surfaces Should Be Smoothed<\/h3>\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/e7cb336a3ee1638d.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"627\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A smooth Benchy (Source: BrittLiv via Instructables)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>This is the crucial step to preventing bacteria from growing between the layers: You need to smooth the surface to eliminate any cracks or spaces that could become home to germs. Smoothing surfaces is generally recommended with FDM printing for aesthetic purposes, but as we explained with the risk of bacteria, it\u2019s essential for food-safe printing.<\/p>\n<p>There are several options to tackle this task, the most common being sanding the print down or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/1\/pla-smoothing-3d-prints-without-sandpaper\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">chemically smoothing<\/a>\u00a0the surface. Check out some of our other articles for the best options with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/pla-smoothing-a-beginner-s-guide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PLA<\/a>\u00a0or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/petg-smoothing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PETG<\/a>\u00a0smoothing, such as polishing or heat treatment.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"headline  headline--xl\">Sealants Ensure Closed Surfaces<\/h3>\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/ee933faee81e3a84.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Keep the bacteria away (Source: Jakub Ko\u010d\u00ed via PrusaPrinters)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">\n<p>Once your print\u2019s smoothed down, sealing the top layers of your print is essential for keeping bacteria out (and keeping any potential toxins in).<\/p>\n<p>Epoxy resin is the most common recommendation, with\u00a0<a class=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s?k=food+safe+epoxy+resin&amp;tag=all3dptrx00746-20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-action=\"modal-open\" data-modal-template=\"#modal-template-shoplink\" data-xid=\"fr1673336799137add\" data-orig-url=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s?k=food+safe+epoxy+resin&amp;tag=all3dp0c-20\" data-spot-replaced=\"1\">many brands and products<\/a>\u00a0 available\u00a0for the art market. Since\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/acrylgiessen.com\/en\/food-safe-epoxy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">artists<\/a>\u00a0have been using epoxy resins for years, there are multiple FDA-approved products and brands available that are durable and cleanable.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s important to remember though, just like with 3D printing resins, epoxy resin is toxic in liquid form. We recommend using gloves and a mask while using any finishing resins and following the manufacturer\u2019s instructions to make sure it cures and hardens fully. An incorrect ratio of liquid resin or hardener can undo the hard work you\u2019ve done to be food safe. Partially cured resin can also remain toxic, once again proving \u201cclose only counts in horseshoes\u201d. Once it\u2019s cured, review the manufacturer\u2019s instructions for cleaning.<\/p>\n<p>Like we\u2019ve said, check for government certification on any food-safe claims, especially for the sealant that will cover the top layer of your filament and that will be in direct repeated contact with food. This is another time when checking the MSDS will be helpful.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"headline  headline--xl\">Hot Water Washing Can Reduce Safety<\/h3>\n<figure style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.facfox.com\/imgs\/2023\/01\/10\/81855fab97b0d0d5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Warm soapy water works wonders (Source: Mart Production via Pexels)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Will your 3D print hold up to the heat and water pressure of dishwashers? Probably not, and the cracks created could multiply the risk of bacteria and add the possibility of choking hazards breaking off, not to mention toxins leaking out.<\/p>\n<p>But as we covered earlier in this article, the FDA says 3D prints must \u201cwithstand repeated washing\u201d. So what\u2019s the best strategy for you and potential customers to keep 3D prints food safe?<\/p>\n<p>Your best bet is using lukewarm \u2013 not hot! \u2013 water with non-abrasive anti-bacterial soap to scrub your prints. This should kill any bacteria while keeping the food coming in contact with the surface safe from any toxins.<\/p>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\"><\/div>\n<div data-provider-url=\"\/ajax\/snippet\/ads\/93893\/\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/all3dp.com\/2\/pla-food-safe-3d-printer-filament-abs\/\">15 Vital Facts about Food-Safe 3D Printing | All3DP<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There&#8217;s plenty to learn about food safety and 3D printing. Learn if PLA is food-safe and other essential facts about food-safe 3D printing. 3D printing offers unique customization possibilities that seemed impossible until recently.\u00a0Both\u00a0FDM and SLA\u00a0printing technologies are proliferating with hobbyists and entrepreneurs opening 3D printing to many new industries. 3D printing is gaining adoption [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"kbtopic":[122],"kbtag":[126,277,61],"class_list":["post-166088","kb","type-kb","status-publish","hentry","kbtopic-mtl","kbtag-3d-printing","kbtag-food-safe","kbtag-material"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>15 Vital Facts about Food-Safe 3D Printing - FacFox Docs<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"There&#039;s plenty to learn about food safety and 3D printing. 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Learn if PLA is food-safe and other essential facts about food-safe 3D printing. 3D printing There's plenty to learn about food safety and 3D printing. 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